Civil Code (Cap. 16)
Civil Code (Cap. 16), article 545
545. (1) Necessary expenses are thos e without which the thing
would have perished or deteriorated.
( 2 ) U s e f u l e x p e n s e s a r e t h o s e which ameliorate the thing by
making it more convenient, or capable of yielding more fruit, b ut
the omission of which is not prejudicial to the thing.
(3) Decorative expenses are those which serve only to adorn
the thing, without rendering it more convenient or capable of
yielding more fruit, and which if omitted would not cause the thing
to deteriorate.
(4) Decorative expenses may, however, in certain cases, be
considered as useful expenses, regard being had to the conditio n of
the owner, or to the existence of particular circ umstances whic h
may afford the owner an immediate opportunity of deriving profi t
from such expenses.
Possession of thing
obtained by theft or
other offence.
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